The video tutorial explains the importance of biotin (vitamin B7) as an essential nutrient that must be ingested directly, as it cannot be synthesized by humans. It covers the biotin cycle, its chemical structure, and its role as a cofactor in enzyme activation, particularly in carboxylation reactions. The process of biotinylation, where biotin is attached to enzymes, is detailed, along with examples of enzymes that require biotin. The video also discusses how biotin is digested and recycled in the body, emphasizing the role of enzymes like biotinidase in this process.

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