Can Exercise Treat Depression?

Exercise not only benefits physical health but also enhances mental well-being by boosting mood and reducing stress. It activates the HPA axis, which helps manage stress through cortisol regulation. Exercise increases neurotransmitters like endocannabinoids and serotonin, improving mood and reducing anxiety. BDNF, a brain health enhancer, also rises with exercise, aiding neuroplasticity. Long-term studies show regular exercise reduces depression risk and can be as effective as antidepressants for mild to moderate depression. However, biases in studies suggest exercise should complement, not replace, medical treatments.

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