Forging Boundaries: King Offa and the Rise of Mercia

In the 8th century, the English identity was forming amidst divided kingdoms. Mercia, under King Offa, became powerful, constructing Offa's Dyke to protect its western border. Offa's Dyke, a significant earthwork, marked a boundary between Mercia and Wales, symbolizing Offa's political and military strength. Despite its size, it was not heavily fortified, serving more as a political statement. As Mercia faced threats from the west, the evolving English nation soon encountered greater challenges from the north.

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