Why the Supreme Court Is Relevant | Marbury v. Madison

In 1801, President John Adams made last-minute judicial appointments before leaving office, including William Marbury. However, Thomas Jefferson, upon becoming president, instructed his Secretary of State, James Madison, to withhold some commissions, including Marbury's. Marbury petitioned the Supreme Court, leading to a landmark decision. The Court, led by Chief Justice John Marshall, ruled that while Marbury was entitled to his commission, the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional. This case established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional, significantly enhancing its power.

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