Cognitive Biases and Social Psychology Concepts

This video introduces social psychology, focusing on how social contexts influence behavior. It covers the power of situations, illustrated by the Zimbardo and Milgram experiments, and discusses social facilitation, where the presence of others affects performance. The video also explores framing and its impact on decision-making, highlighting biases like anchoring and confirmation bias. The tutorial concludes with a preview of the next topic: self-perception.

What is the primary focus of social psychology?

• Analyzing historical societal changes

• Understanding individual behavior in isolation

• Studying the biological basis of behavior

• Exploring how social contexts influence behavior

What did the Zimbardo prison experiment demonstrate about human behavior?

• Prison environments have no effect on behavior

• People are naturally aggressive

• Social roles and environments can significantly alter behavior

• Personality traits are fixed and unchangeable

In the Milgram experiment, what factor most influenced participants to continue administering shocks?

• The presence of other participants

• The authority of the experimenter

• Their personal enjoyment of causing pain

• The lack of visible harm to the learner

What is social facilitation?

• The tendency to perform better on tasks when alone

• The improvement or impairment of performance in the presence of others

• The ability to learn new tasks quickly

• The influence of social media on behavior

How does the presence of others affect performance on well-learned tasks?

• It has no effect on performance

• It generally impairs performance

• It enhances performance

• It causes anxiety and reduces performance

What is anchoring in the context of decision-making?

• Relying on the most recent information

• Using an initial piece of information to influence subsequent judgments

• Ignoring irrelevant information

• Making decisions based on emotions

How can framing affect decision-making?

• By providing more options

• By changing the perceived value of information

• By simplifying complex information

• By eliminating biases

What is confirmation bias?

• The tendency to change beliefs based on new evidence

• The ability to remember all types of information equally

• The tendency to favor information that supports our existing beliefs

• The tendency to seek out information that contradicts our beliefs

How does positive framing differ from negative framing?

• Positive framing is more effective in all situations

• Both present information in the same way

• Positive framing presents information as gains, while negative framing presents it as losses

• Positive framing presents information as losses, while negative framing presents it as gains

What impact does confirmation bias have on how we interpret evidence?

• It encourages us to change our beliefs frequently

• It makes us more likely to accept evidence that confirms our beliefs

• It causes us to ignore evidence that supports our beliefs

• It leads us to critically evaluate all evidence