Californio Ranchos and Culture

The video explores the history of the Californios, Spanish and Mexican settlers in California before it became part of the United States. It covers the origins of ranchos, the role of vaqueros, and the influence of Californios in Hawaii. The video also discusses the economic activities on ranchos, such as branding and matanza, and the trade with Massachusetts. Social life, including fiestas and equestrian events, is highlighted. The decline of Californios during the Mexican-American War is also addressed.

Who were the Californios?

• Spanish and Mexican settlers

• European explorers

• American pioneers

• Native American tribes

What did Hernán Cortés bring to Mexico that was significant for ranchos?

• Weapons and armor

• Spices and silk

• Horses and cows

• Gold and silver

How did the term 'cowboy' originate?

• From the Spanish word 'vaquero'

• From the English word 'cattleboy'

• From the French word 'chevalier'

• From the German word 'kuhjunge'

What is the Hawaiian word for cowboy, and where does it originate from?

• Paniolo, from Español

• Kahuna, from Polynesian

• Lasso, from Spanish

• Ranchero, from Mexican

What was the purpose of branding on the ranchos?

• To decorate the cattle

• To identify ownership

• To mark the healthiest cattle

• To prepare cattle for sale

What were the two main products obtained from the matanza?

• Meat and bones

• Milk and cheese

• Leather and wool

• Cowhide and tallow

Who were the first trading partners of Californios?

• The British from London

• The Spanish from Madrid

• The people from Massachusetts

• The French from Paris

What were the clipper ships referred to as in San Diego?

• Floating malls

• Sea malls

• Ocean bazaars

• Floating markets

What activities were included in the fiestas on the ranchos?

• Horse racing and bullfighting

• Food, music, and dancing

• Sailing and fishing

• Hunting and archery

When did the decline of the Californios begin?

• After the Industrial Revolution

• During the Mexican-American War

• After the Civil War

• During the Gold Rush