Buffer Solutions and Their Functions

This tutorial explains how buffer solutions work, focusing on a weak acid and its conjugate base. It discusses the role of ethanoic acid and ethanoate ion in maintaining pH balance. The tutorial also covers the addition of sodium salt to enhance buffer capacity and how the buffer reacts to added acids and bases to maintain equilibrium.

What is the primary purpose of a buffer solution?

• To increase the pH of a solution

• To decrease the pH of a solution

• To maintain a constant pH

• To neutralize all acids and bases

Which components are necessary to form a buffer solution?

• A strong acid and a weak base

• A weak acid and its conjugate base

• A strong acid and a strong base

• A weak base and its conjugate acid

Why does ethanoic acid not dissociate much in water?

• It forms a precipitate

• It reacts completely with water

• It is a strong acid

• It is a weak acid

What is the role of the sodium salt in a buffer solution?

• To neutralize the solution

• To provide additional acid

• To act as a catalyst

• To supply the conjugate base

What happens when an acid is added to a buffer solution?

• The buffer solution stops working

• The conjugate base reacts with the added acid

• The solution becomes neutral

• The pH increases significantly

How does a buffer solution maintain pH when an acid is added?

• By increasing the concentration of H+ ions

• By shifting the equilibrium to the left

• By removing all H+ ions

• By adding more water

What is the result of adding a base to a buffer solution?

• The weak acid reacts with the base

• The buffer solution is destroyed

• The pH decreases significantly

• The solution becomes acidic

What is the general form of a neutralization reaction in a buffer solution?

• Acid + Base = Water

• Base + Water = Acid

• Acid + Base = Salt + Water

• Acid + Water = Base

What happens to the equilibrium when a base is added to a buffer solution?

• It becomes unstable

• It shifts to the right

• It shifts to the left

• It remains unchanged

How does a buffer solution prevent changes in pH?

• By evaporating water

• By increasing the concentration of acids

• By neutralizing added acids and bases

• By diluting the solution