Genetics and Enzyme Function Concepts

The video tutorial covers the role of gibberellin in plant growth, focusing on how mutations in the enzyme g3h affect plant height. It explains genetic crosses, dominance, and the resulting phenotypes. The tutorial also delves into enzyme structure changes due to amino acid substitutions, using a codon chart to analyze mutations. Finally, it discusses how dominance affects phenotype expression in heterozygous and homozygous plants.

What is the primary role of gibberellin in plants?

• To promote root growth

• To promote stem elongation

• To enhance leaf color

• To increase flower size

What is the role of the enzyme g3h in plants?

• To convert gibberellin to its active form

• To transport nutrients

• To break down gibberellin

• To synthesize chlorophyll

What is the significance of a 3:1 ratio in a monohybrid cross?

• It suggests co-dominance

• It represents a dominant-recessive relationship

• It shows incomplete dominance

• It indicates a recessive trait

What type of mutation results in a short plant phenotype?

• A mutation that changes leaf color

• A mutation that increases gibberellin production

• A mutation that decreases gibberellin production

• A mutation that has no effect on gibberellin

How does a change from a non-polar to a polar amino acid affect an enzyme?

• It has no effect on the enzyme

• It enhances the enzyme's activity

• It disrupts the enzyme's structure and function

• It makes the enzyme more stable

What happens when the enzyme's active site is altered?

• The enzyme can no longer bind to its substrate

• The enzyme becomes more efficient

• The enzyme's activity increases

• The enzyme becomes inactive

What is the result of a point mutation in the codon sequence?

• It doubles the protein production

• It has no effect on the protein

• It alters a single amino acid in the protein

• It changes the entire protein structure

Which amino acid substitution is discussed in the video?

• Alanine to Glycine

• Alanine to Threonine

• Threonine to Serine

• Glycine to Alanine

Why is it important to write changes in complete sentences?

• To confuse the reader

• To make the text longer

• To follow a specific format

• To ensure clarity and understanding

How can heterozygous and homozygous genotypes have the same phenotype?

• Both produce enough enzyme for the trait

• Both have a recessive trait

• Both lack the dominant allele

• Both are affected by environmental factors