Judicial Review and Marbury v. Madison

The video discusses the landmark Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison, which established the principle of judicial review. It explains the background of the case, involving the Judiciary Act of 1801 and the Midnight Judges appointed by John Adams. William Marbury's demand for his commission led to a Supreme Court case, where Chief Justice John Marshall ruled against Marbury, declaring the RIT of Mandamus unconstitutional. This decision, however, established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review, allowing it to nullify laws conflicting with the Constitution.

What was the significance of the Marbury vs. Madison case during Jefferson's presidency?

• It resulted in the expansion of the Supreme Court.

• It established the power of judicial review.

• It abolished the Judiciary Act of 1801.

• It led to the impeachment of Jefferson.

What was the purpose of the Judiciary Act of 1801?

• To impeach President Jefferson.

• To create new positions for federal judges.

• To reduce the number of federal judges.

• To abolish the Supreme Court.

Why were the judges appointed by John Adams known as 'Midnight Judges'?

• They were appointed secretly.

• They only worked during the night.

• They were appointed at the last minute before Adams left office.

• They were appointed by Jefferson.

What action did Jefferson take regarding the commissions for the judges appointed by Adams?

• He delivered all the commissions.

• He appointed new judges.

• He ordered Madison to ignore them.

• He expanded the number of judges.

What was William Marbury's response to not receiving his commission?

• He accepted the decision.

• He resigned from his position.

• He took the case to the Supreme Court.

• He appealed to Congress.

What was the main reason Chief Justice John Marshall ruled against Marbury?

• He thought Marbury was unqualified.

• He wanted to expand the court's power.

• He believed the court had no power to issue a writ of mandamus.

• He supported Jefferson's decision.

What is a writ of mandamus?

• A court order to perform a specific act.

• A law passed by Congress.

• A type of judicial review.

• A presidential decree.

What key power did the Marbury vs. Madison case establish for the Supreme Court?

• Appointment of judges.

• Impeachment of the President.

• Legislative veto.

• Judicial review.

How did the establishment of judicial review affect the balance of power in the U.S. government?

• It had no significant impact.

• It abolished the legislative branch.

• It diminished the power of the executive branch.

• It increased the power of the judicial branch.

Why is judicial review considered a powerful authority of the Supreme Court?

• It enables the court to appoint judges.

• It allows the court to nullify laws that contradict the Constitution.

• It gives the court legislative powers.

• It allows the court to impeach the President.