Plant Biology Concepts and Functions

The video tutorial by Miss Worth covers essential topics for a plant exam, focusing on the plant body, which is divided into roots, shoots, and leaves. It explains the functions of roots, including anchoring and absorption, and describes different root types. The video also discusses shoots, nodes, and modified shoots like stolons and tubers. Leaves are highlighted for their role in photosynthesis, gas exchange, and transpiration. The tutorial introduces plant tissues—dermal, ground, and vascular—and cell types—parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. It delves into vascular tissues, xylem, and phloem, and explores plant evolution from algae to angiosperms. Practice questions are provided to reinforce learning.

What is the primary function of root hairs in plants?

• To anchor the plant in the soil

• To increase surface area for water and mineral absorption

• To store nutrients

• To protect the roots from pests

Which part of the plant is responsible for photosynthesis?

• Buds

• Leaves

• Shoots

• Roots

What is the primary role of dermal tissue in plants?

• To store carbohydrates

• To prevent dehydration

• To transport water and nutrients

• To conduct photosynthesis

Which plant cell type is known for its thick and uneven cell walls?

• Xylem

• Collenchyma

• Parenchyma

• Sclerenchyma

What is the main function of xylem in plants?

• To transport water and minerals

• To store nutrients

• To provide structural support

• To transport sugars

How do companion cells assist phloem in plants?

• By generating excess ATP

• By transporting water

• By storing sugars

• By providing structural support

What is a key difference between dicot and monocot stems?

• Monocots lack vascular bundles

• Dicots have scattered vascular bundles

• Monocots have a ring of vascular bundles

• Dicots have a ring of vascular bundles

Which evolutionary advancement allowed plants to inhabit drier environments?

• Development of roots

• Development of flowers

• Development of vascular tissue

• Development of seeds

Which plant group was the first to develop seeds and pollen?

• Mosses

• Ferns

• Conifers

• Flowering plants

What evidence supports the evolution of plants from algae?

• Alternation of generations

• Presence of seeds

• Similar chlorophyll structure

• Development of flowers