Fundamentals of Particle Physics

The video explains the structure of atoms, composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. It introduces quarks as subcomponents of nucleons, bound by strong force mediated by gluons. Quarks have color charges and form protons and neutrons. The Standard Model categorizes elementary particles into quarks, leptons, and bosons, mediating strong, weak, and electromagnetic interactions. Gravity remains unexplained, with the graviton as a hypothetical mediator. The Higgs boson, discovered at the Large Hadron Collider, is responsible for particle mass.

What are the main components of an atom?

• Atoms, molecules, and compounds

• Photons, gluons, and gravitons

• Quarks, leptons, and bosons

• Electrons, protons, and neutrons

Who proposed the existence of quarks?

• Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr

• Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig

• Isaac Newton and Galileo Galilei

• Richard Feynman and Paul Dirac

What force binds quarks together within nucleons?

• Electromagnetic force

• Strong nuclear force

• Gravitational force

• Weak nuclear force

What is the color charge of a nucleon?

• Red

• Green

• Blue

• White

What is the charge of an up quark?

• -1/3

• 0

• 1

• 2/3

Which particles are considered the building blocks of matter?

• Quarks and leptons

• Atoms and molecules

• Protons and neutrons

• Photons and gluons

Which boson mediates electromagnetic interaction?

• Z boson

• W boson

• Gluon

• Photon

What is the hypothetical particle that mediates gravity?

• Graviton

• Gluon

• Higgs boson

• Photon

What role does the Higgs boson play in particle physics?

• It mediates electromagnetic interaction

• It provides mass to particles

• It binds quarks together

• It is responsible for radioactive decay

Which collider was built to help identify the Higgs boson?

• Superconducting Super Collider

• Fermilab

• Large Hadron Collider

• Tevatron