Civil Liberties and the 14th Amendment

The video discusses the concept of selective incorporation, explaining how the Bill of Rights initially did not apply to states, leading to varied civil liberties across the U.S. The 14th Amendment, passed in 1868, marked a new era for civil liberties by ensuring no state could infringe on citizens' rights. The Supreme Court began applying the Bill of Rights to states through selective incorporation, starting with the Free Speech Clause in 1925. This process made the Supreme Court the guardian of civil liberties, ensuring consistent rights across all states.

What was the initial limitation of the Bill of Rights when it was ratified in 1791?

• It applied only to federal laws.

• It was only applicable to international laws.

• It applied to both federal and state laws.

• It was not applicable to any laws.

What does the term 'federalism in action' refer to in the context of the Bill of Rights?

• The federal government controlling all state laws.

• States having varying degrees of civil liberties.

• States having no power over civil liberties.

• The federal government enforcing uniform civil liberties.

What significant change did the 14th Amendment bring about in 1868?

• It established the federal income tax.

• It introduced a new era of civil liberties.

• It granted women the right to vote.

• It abolished slavery.

What was the main concern about civil liberties before the 14th Amendment?

• They were uniformly enforced across all states.

• They were inconsistently applied from state to state.

• They were strictly enforced by the federal government.

• They were only applicable to non-citizens.

What was the main argument in The Slaughterhouse Cases of 1873?

• That all citizens have the right to free speech.

• That certain privileges and immunities belong to all citizens of free governments.

• That the federal government should control all state laws.

• That the Bill of Rights should be abolished.

Which case marked the first time the Supreme Court applied the 14th Amendment to a specific provision in the Bill of Rights?

• Roe v. Wade

• Marbury v. Madison

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Gitlow v. New York

What specific clause of the First Amendment was incorporated to the states in Gitlow v. New York?

• The Free Exercise Clause

• The Establishment Clause

• The Free Speech Clause

• The Right to Assemble

What role did the Supreme Court assume after the Gitlow v. New York case?

• Overseer of international treaties

• Overseer of military operations

• Overseer of state economic policies

• Overseer of basic civil liberties

What is the process called where the Supreme Court applies the Bill of Rights to the states?

• Federalism

• Selective Incorporation

• Judicial Review

• Civil Liberties Expansion

Which amendment is primarily associated with the concept of selective incorporation?

• The 14th Amendment

• The 1st Amendment

• The 5th Amendment

• The 10th Amendment