Utilitarianism Concepts and Theories

The video tutorial explores different forms of utilitarianism, starting with ideal utilitarianism introduced by Hasting Rashtal, which emphasizes maximizing values rather than pleasure. It then covers preference utilitarianism, also known as preferentialism, which focuses on fulfilling personal interests rather than the greatest pleasure for the greatest number. Finally, it introduces two-level utilitarianism by RM Hare, which combines rule and act utilitarianism, and touches on universal prescriptivism.

Who introduced the concept of ideal utilitarianism?

• John Stuart Mill

• R.M. Hare

• Hastings Rashdall

• Jeremy Bentham

What does ideal utilitarianism reject as the sole object of moral action?

• Maximizing pleasure

• Maximizing wealth

• Maximizing knowledge

• Maximizing power

According to ideal utilitarianism, what should be maximized instead of pleasure?

• Wealth

• Power

• Happiness

• Values

What is another term for preference utilitarianism?

• Deontology

• Hedonism

• Preferentialism

• Consequentialism

In preference utilitarianism, what determines the moral worth of an action?

• Maximizing pleasure for the greatest number

• Fulfilling personal interests

• Following societal norms

• Adhering to religious beliefs

What is the focus of preference utilitarianism?

• Moral duties

• Universal laws

• Individual preferences

• Collective happiness

Which utilitarianism concept emphasizes individual preferences?

• Preference utilitarianism

• Ideal utilitarianism

• Average utilitarianism

• Two-level utilitarianism

Who introduced two-level utilitarianism?

• R.M. Hare

• Hastings Rashdall

• Jeremy Bentham

• John Stuart Mill

What philosophical concept is associated with R.M. Hare's two-level utilitarianism?

• Virtue ethics

• Ethical egoism

• Moral relativism

• Universal prescriptivism

What is the primary concern of two-level utilitarianism?

• Adhering to moral duties

• Fulfilling personal interests

• Balancing rules and outcomes

• Maximizing pleasure