Island Evolution and Biogeography Concepts

The video discusses the theory of island biogeography, focusing on how island size and proximity to the mainland affect species diversity. Larger islands support more species due to greater ecosystem diversity, while islands closer to the mainland have higher species richness due to easier migration. The Galapagos Islands serve as a case study for evolution and speciation, highlighting the role of resource partitioning. The video concludes with a practice question on colonizing island habitats.

What is the primary focus of the theory of island biogeography?

• The study of oceanic currents

• The study of human development in urban areas

• The study of true islands only

• The study of isolated areas, including habitat islands

Why do larger islands tend to support more species?

• They have fewer environmental disturbances

• They have more predators

• They have more available niches and resources

• They are closer to the mainland

Which of the following is a classic example of a true island used to study evolution?

• Madagascar

• Hawaii

• Borneo

• Galapagos Islands

How does the distance from the mainland affect species richness on an island?

• Distance has no effect on species richness

• Closer islands have more species

• Farther islands have more species

• Closer islands have fewer species

What is a key factor that allows species to migrate more easily to an island?

• The island's size

• The island's distance from the mainland

• The island's climate

• The island's elevation

What evolutionary process is highlighted by the Galapagos finches?

• Natural selection

• Resource partitioning

• Genetic drift

• Mutualism

How do Galapagos finches demonstrate resource partitioning?

• By evolving different beak shapes for different food sources

• By migrating to different islands

• By forming large flocks

• By sharing the same food resources

What is a consequence of limited space and resources on islands?

• Increased competition leading to extinction

• Increased pressure for species to adapt

• Decreased species diversity

• Stable population sizes

What is the main reason islands are considered prime locations for studying evolution?

• They have a high number of predators

• They are easily accessible

• They are isolated with limited resources

• They have a stable climate

What factor is crucial in determining the number of species that will colonize an island?

• The island's climate

• The island's distance from the mainland

• The island's elevation

• The island's human population