Spanish Colonization of California

In the mid-18th century, Spain initiated a mission to colonize California, led by soldiers and priests. The expedition faced numerous challenges, including conflicts with native tribes and internal disagreements. Despite setbacks, the missions were established, significantly impacting California's future and its indigenous people.

What was the primary goal of the Spanish soldiers and priests in the mid-18th century California land rush?

• To find gold

• To map the coastline

• To establish settlements

• To establish trade routes

Which European explorer first claimed California for Spain in 1542?

• Christopher Columbus

• Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo

• Hernán Cortés

• Ferdinand Magellan

How many indigenous tribes were estimated to live in California before Spanish colonization?

• Less than 20

• Over 100

• About 50

• More than 63

What was the dual purpose of the Spanish colonization plan in California?

• To establish trade and convert natives

• To find gold and establish trade

• To map the coastline and convert natives

• To plant the Spanish flag and the Christian cross

Who was the military leader representing the Spanish in the California mission expeditions?

• Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo

• Francisco Pizarro

• Gaspar de Portolá

• Hernán Cortés

What health issue did Father Serra face during the expedition?

• A severe headache

• A broken arm

• A fever

• An ulcerated leg

What disease affected the sailors during the expedition to San Diego?

• Cholera

• Smallpox

• Scurvy

• Malaria

How did the native population initially react to the Spanish missionaries?

• They were indifferent

• They were hostile and attacked

• They ignored them

• They welcomed them warmly

What was Father Serra's response to the potential failure of the mission?

• He decided to return to Mexico

• He planned to stay behind alone

• He abandoned the mission

• He sought help from other countries

What event marked the turning point for the success of the San Diego mission?

• The arrival of new settlers

• The discovery of gold

• The arrival of a resupply ship

• The defeat of native tribes