Anti-Apartheid Movement and Key Figures

The video covers the history of the ANC, focusing on its aim for a multiracial society and the contributions of Chiefly Tui, who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. It discusses the Defiance Campaign influenced by Gandhi, the Freedom Charter, and the Treason Trial. The biographies of Lillian Ngoyi and Helen Joseph highlight their roles in the anti-apartheid movement. The video concludes with the impact of apartheid on South African society.

What was the primary aim of the ANC as stated by its leaders?

• To promote economic growth

• To create a multi-racial society based on equality

• To establish a single-race society

• To support colonial rule

Who was the first African to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for non-violent resistance against racial discrimination?

• Albert Luthuli

• Steve Biko

• Desmond Tutu

• Nelson Mandela

What inspired the Defiance Campaign against apartheid in South Africa?

• Mahatma Gandhi's principles of non-violence

• The Russian Revolution

• The French Revolution

• The American Civil Rights Movement

Which two congresses launched the Defiance Campaign against unjust laws?

• The African National Congress and the South African Indian Congress

• The Congress of Democrats and the Colored People's Congress

• The United Nations and the African Union

• The British Parliament and the United States Congress

What was the main purpose of the Freedom Charter adopted in 1955?

• To promote international trade

• To support the apartheid regime

• To call for a fundamental restructuring of South African society

• To maintain the status quo

What was the outcome of the Treason Trial that lasted until 1961?

• All defendants were found guilty

• All defendants were found not guilty

• The trial was inconclusive

• Only Nelson Mandela was found guilty

What significant role did Lillian Ngoyi play in the anti-apartheid movement?

• She was the first woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize

• She led the military wing of the ANC

• She was the first female president of South Africa

• She was the first woman elected to the ANC's executive committee

What was Helen Joseph's contribution to the anti-apartheid movement?

• She was a founding member of the ANC's white ally, the Congress of Democrats

• She was the first woman to be elected as the president of South Africa

• She was the first black woman to become a member of parliament

• She led the armed struggle against apartheid

How did apartheid affect the lives of black South Africans?

• They were given equal rights

• They were given free education

• They were forced into segregated residential areas

• They were allowed to vote

What led to the end of apartheid in South Africa?

• The intervention of the United Nations

• The collapse of the South African economy

• A military coup

• Internal pressure and international embargoes