Cardiac Devices and Heart Function

The video tutorial explains the function and importance of implantable pacemakers and defibrillators in maintaining heart rhythm. It covers the anatomy of the heart, detailing the chambers and blood flow, and how electrical impulses regulate heartbeats. The tutorial also discusses the functionality of pacemakers and ICDs, including advanced devices like CRT ICDs, and the challenges associated with lead failures. Efforts to develop leadless pacemakers are also highlighted.

What is the primary function of implantable pacemakers and defibrillators?

• To regulate body temperature

• To measure heart rate

• To apply electric shocks to maintain heart rhythm

• To monitor blood pressure

How many chambers does the human heart have?

• Five

• Four

• Three

• Two

What role does the sinoatrial node play in the heart?

• It initiates the electrical signal that causes the heart to beat

• It filters deoxygenated blood

• It regulates the opening and closing of heart valves

• It pumps blood to the lungs

What is the function of the atrioventricular node?

• To pump blood to the lungs

• To direct electrical signals to the ventricles

• To regulate blood pressure

• To filter oxygenated blood

What is the purpose of an artificial pacemaker?

• To increase blood oxygen levels

• To regulate the heartbeat with electric shocks

• To replace damaged heart valves

• To monitor heart rate

What is a CRT ICD used for?

• To resynchronize the ventricles

• To measure blood pressure

• To monitor lung function

• To replace the sinoatrial node

What is a potential problem with leads in ICDs?

• They can cause infections

• They are difficult to implant

• They have a 20% chance of failure within 10 years

• They are too expensive

What is a subcutaneous ICD?

• A device implanted inside the heart

• A lead placed outside the heart under the skin

• A wireless pacemaker

• A type of heart valve

What is the main advantage of wireless pacemaker designs?

• They are cheaper

• They do not require leads

• They are more accurate

• They are easier to implant

What is the risk associated with replacing leads in ICDs?

• It is not covered by insurance

• It can cause permanent heart damage

• It is very expensive

• It requires open heart surgery in about 2% of cases