Japanese American Internment Cases

The transcript discusses three pivotal Supreme Court cases related to the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. Gordon Hirabayashi challenged the evacuation and curfew orders, highlighting racial bias and civil rights violations. Fred Korematsu defied evacuation orders, questioning why only Japanese Americans were targeted. Mitsu Endo successfully challenged her internment, leading to the rescinding of exclusion orders and the closure of internment camps.

What was the significance of the Ex parte Endo case?

• It was the first case to challenge the internment camps.

• It was the last of three key cases related to the internment camps.

• It upheld the evacuation orders.

• It was about the curfew imposed on Japanese Americans.

What did Gordon Hirabayashi challenge in his case?

• The closure of the camps

• The internment itself

• The exclusion orders

• The evacuation order and racial bias of the curfew

What was the main reason given for the army's decision to limit the movements of Japanese Americans?

• Economic necessity

• Wartime necessity

• Political pressure

• Social unrest

Why did Fred Korematsu defy the evacuation order?

• To stay with his family

• To challenge the curfew

• To stay with his Caucasian girlfriend

• To protest against the internment

What was the outcome of Fred Korematsu's case?

• The racial bias was acknowledged.

• The evacuation order was overturned.

• The internment was declared unconstitutional.

• The army's decision to evacuate was upheld.

What did Mitsuye Endo file a petition for?

• A change in the evacuation order

• Habeas corpus

• A new trial

• Compensation for internment

What was the Supreme Court's decision in Mitsuye Endo's case?

• The internment camps were necessary.

• The exclusion orders were justified.

• The government cannot detain loyal citizens against their will.

• The government can detain loyal citizens.

What was announced after the Supreme Court's decision in Mitsuye Endo's case?

• The internment camps would remain open.

• The exclusion orders were being rescinded.

• New internment camps would be built.

• The curfew would be reinstated.

What did the rescinding of exclusion orders mean for the internees?

• They were given compensation.

• They had to move to new camps.

• They could return to their former homes.

• They could remain in the camps.

How long were the camps expected to remain open after the announcement?

• 24 months

• 6 months

• 12 months

• 18 months