Axillary Artery and Related Structures

The video tutorial provides an in-depth look at the axillary artery, starting from its origin as a continuation of the subclavian artery to its transition into the brachial artery. It details the artery's anatomical relations, divided into three parts by the pectoralis minor muscle, and describes the branches that arise from each part. The tutorial also covers the anastomosis around the scapula, which ensures collateral circulation to the upper limb in case of arterial blockage. Clinical correlations highlight the importance of this anastomosis in maintaining blood flow.

Where does the axillary artery begin?

• At the clavicle

• At the sternum

• At the lower border of the teres major

• At the outer border of the first rib

Which muscle divides the axillary artery into three parts?

• Serratus anterior

• Pectoralis minor

• Subscapularis

• Pectoralis major

What is located anteriorly to the first part of the axillary artery?

• Pectoralis major

• Subscapularis

• Axillary nerve

• Radial nerve

Which nerve is related posteriorly to the second part of the axillary artery?

• Long thoracic nerve

• Radial nerve

• Posterior cord of the brachial plexus

• Ulnar nerve

What is located medially to the third part of the axillary artery?

• Musculocutaneous nerve

• Axillary vein

• Lateral cord of the brachial plexus

• Pectoralis minor

From which part of the axillary artery does the superior thoracic artery arise?

• First part

• Second part

• Third part

• None of the above

Which artery gives off the pectoral, acromial, clavicular, and deltoid branches?

• Superior thoracic artery

• Thoracoacromial artery

• Lateral thoracic artery

• Subscapular artery

What is the function of the scapular anastomosis?

• To innervate the shoulder muscles

• To drain lymph from the arm

• To provide collateral circulation to the upper limb

• To supply blood to the brain

Which artery is involved in the anastomosis over the acromion process?

• Lateral thoracic artery

• Acromial branch of the thoracoacromial artery

• Subscapular artery

• Superior thoracic artery

What ensures adequate circulation to the upper limb if there is a blockage in the axillary artery?

• Axillary vein

• Brachial artery

• Pectoral nerves

• Scapular anastomosis