Mendelian Genetics Vocabulary and Concepts

This video tutorial covers essential vocabulary in Mendelian genetics, focusing on traits, genes, alleles, and their variations. It explains the concepts of homozygous and heterozygous, dominance and recessiveness, and the relationship between genotype and phenotype. The tutorial also discusses true breeding and hybrid organisms, emphasizing the importance of understanding these terms for solving genetic problems.

Why is it important to understand the vocabulary of Mendelian genetics?

• To solve genetic problems accurately

• To memorize scientific terms

• To impress your teacher

• To avoid studying other subjects

What is a trait in the context of genetics?

• A type of gene

• A characteristic of an organism

• A genetic mutation

• A form of protein

What does the term 'allele' refer to?

• A type of cell

• A genetic disorder

• A protein structure

• An alternative form of a gene

What does it mean if an organism is homozygous for a trait?

• It has two different alleles for a trait

• It has two identical alleles for a trait

• It has no alleles for a trait

• It has one allele for a trait

How is a dominant allele expressed in an organism?

• Only if it is homozygous

• Only if it is paired with a recessive allele

• It is always expressed if present

• It is never expressed

What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

• Genotype determines phenotype

• Phenotype determines genotype

• They are unrelated

• They are the same

What does the term 'phenotype' refer to?

• A type of genetic mutation

• The physical expression of a genotype

• The genetic makeup of an organism

• A form of protein

What does it mean if an organism is a hybrid?

• It is a purebred

• It has no alleles for a trait

• It is heterozygous for a trait

• It is homozygous for a trait

What is a purebred organism?

• An organism with no alleles

• An organism with mixed alleles

• An organism that is homozygous for a trait

• An organism that is heterozygous for a trait

How can you obtain a hybrid organism?

• By crossing two purebred organisms with different traits

• By cloning a single organism

• By mixing two identical alleles

• By using genetic engineering