Social Darwinism Concepts and Beliefs

Social Darwinism, prevalent from 1865 to the 1900s, applied Darwin's theory of natural selection to human society, promoting competition and justifying the status of the wealthy as naturally superior. Key figures like Herbert Spencer, William Graham Sumner, and Andrew Carnegie advocated for laissez-faire capitalism and opposed social reforms. The concept was exemplified by industrialists like Carnegie, J.P. Morgan, Rockefeller, and Vanderbilt, who rose to power through economic prowess. Critics argued that social Darwinism discouraged aid to the poor and justified inequality, opposing government intervention and regulations.

What was the primary idea behind social Darwinism?

• Encouraging government intervention

• Promoting human competition and natural selection

• Supporting social welfare programs

• Advocating for equal wealth distribution

How was social Darwinism used politically?

• To encourage universal healthcare

• To advocate for laissez-faire capitalism

• To promote environmental conservation

• To support socialism

Who argued that social programs for the poor worked against nature?

• Charles Darwin

• Andrew Carnegie

• Herbert Spencer

• John D. Rockefeller

Who among the following was a liberal American social scientist supporting social Darwinism?

• Herbert Spencer

• William Graham Sumner

• J.P. Morgan

• Andrew Carnegie

Which of the following individuals is known for a rags-to-riches story that exemplifies social Darwinism?

• William Graham Sumner

• J.P. Morgan

• Andrew Carnegie

• Cornelius Vanderbilt

What did John D. Rockefeller believe about the growth of large businesses?

• It was a consequence of social welfare

• It was a result of government support

• It was a form of survival of the fittest

• It was due to luck and chance

What was the belief of social Darwinists regarding weaker members of society?

• They should be given equal opportunities

• They should be supported by the government

• They should be allowed to struggle and possibly perish

• They should be protected by laws

Which of the following was opposed by social Darwinists?

• Industrialization

• Government handouts

• Free market economy

• Technological advancement

What did social Darwinists believe about government intervention?

• It was beneficial for the economy

• It promoted equality

• It hindered natural selection

• It was necessary for societal progress

Which of the following best describes the belief of social Darwinists about the wealthy?

• They were supported by the government

• They were superior due to evolved traits

• They were born into wealth

• They were lucky