Greek Unity and Victory: The Rise of the Classical Age

In the 5th century BC, Greek city-states united to defend against the Persian Empire, leading to the Classical Age of Greece. Athens aided Ionia against Persia using the phalanx formation. The Battle of Marathon saw Athens' surprise victory, inspiring the modern marathon. Xerxes' invasion failed at Salamis, prompting the formation of the Delian League to counter Persia. The Classical Age saw cultural growth, but rivalry between Athens and Sparta eventually ended the era.

What was the primary reason for the Greek city-states to unite in the 5th century BC?

• To promote trade among themselves

• To establish a common government

• To defend against the Persian Empire

• To expand their territories

What was the significance of the phalanx formation used by the Athenians?

• It was a defensive formation used by the Persians

• It allowed soldiers to fight individually

• It was a naval battle strategy

• It required soldiers to rely on each other for protection

What event inspired the modern marathon race?

• The Battle of Salamis

• The Ionian Rebellion

• Philippides' run from Marathon to Athens

• The formation of the Delian League

How did the Greeks manage to defeat the Persians at the Battle of Salamis?

• By using superior naval tactics

• By forming an alliance with the Persians

• By retreating to the mountains

• By bribing the Persian captains

What was the purpose of the Delian League?

• To promote cultural exchange among Greek city-states

• To punish city-states that supported Persia

• To build a new capital city

• To establish a common currency

What marked the beginning of the Classical Age of Greece?

• The defeat of the Persians

• The invention of democracy

• The rise of the Roman Empire

• The unification of all Greek city-states

Which two city-states were the most powerful during the Classical Age?

• Corinth and Thebes

• Sparta and Thebes

• Athens and Sparta

• Athens and Corinth

What was a key cultural development during the Classical Age of Greece?

• The invention of the wheel

• The construction of the Great Wall

• The discovery of America

• The development of a unique Greek culture

What was the main characteristic of Sparta during the Classical Age?

• A center for art and philosophy

• A disciplined military power

• A hub for scientific research

• A focus on trade and commerce

What eventually led to the end of the Classical Era?

• The collapse of the Delian League

• The rise of the Roman Empire

• The invasion by the Persians

• The rivalry between Sparta and Athens