The Greco-Persian Wars: Unity Against a Mighty Empire

The Greco-Persian Wars were a series of conflicts between the Persian Empire and Greek city-states from 492 to 449 BCE. The wars began with the Ionian Revolt and included significant battles such as Marathon, Thermopylae, Salamis, and Plataea. Despite being outnumbered, the Greeks united and used strategic brilliance to defeat the Persians. The wars ended with the Peace of Callias, securing Greek independence and altering the course of history.

What was the main reason the Greek city-states united against Persia?

• To gain wealth

• To establish a new empire

• To expand their territories

• To protect their freedom

Who led the Ionian Revolt against the Persian Empire?

• Themistocles

• Leonidas

• Miltiades

• Aristagoras

What was the outcome of the Battle of Marathon?

• The Greeks achieved a surprising victory

• The Persians won decisively

• The battle ended in a stalemate

• The Greeks were defeated

Which Persian king launched a full-scale invasion of Greece in 480 BCE?

• Artaxerxes

• Cyrus the Great

• Darius the Great

• Xerxes

What strategic advantage did the Greeks use at the Battle of Thermopylae?

• Advanced weaponry

• Knowledge of the terrain

• Superior numbers

• Naval superiority

How did Themistocles manage to defeat the Persian fleet at Salamis?

• By setting traps in the water

• By attacking at night

• By using larger ships

• By luring them into a narrow strait

What was the significance of the Battle of Plataea?

• It marked the beginning of the Persian invasion

• It was a minor skirmish with little impact

• It was a decisive Greek victory that ended the Persian invasion

• It resulted in a Persian victory

What was the Delian League?

• A group of Persian allies

• A coalition of Greek city-states

• A new Persian dynasty

• A military alliance with Egypt

What was the Peace of Callias?

• An alliance between Persia and Rome

• A treaty that ended the Greco-Persian Wars

• A peace agreement between Athens and Sparta

• A treaty between Greece and Egypt

What lasting impact did the Greco-Persian Wars have on world history?

• They resulted in the expansion of the Persian Empire

• They marked the end of Greek civilization

• They demonstrated the power of unity and courage

• They led to the fall of the Roman Empire