Salons, Enlightenment Thinkers, and the Spread of Ideas in European History

The video lecture covers the spread of Enlightenment ideas through salons, the creation of the Encyclopedia by Diderot, and the influence of classical musicians like Hayden, Mozart, and Beethoven. It also discusses Enlightened despots such as Frederick the Great, Joseph II, and Catherine the Great, who adopted Enlightenment ideals. The lecture concludes with a look at political expansion and conflicts involving Russia, the Ottomans, and Poland.

What was the primary purpose of salons during the Enlightenment?

• To refine tastes and increase knowledge through conversation

• To engage in political debates

• To host musical performances

• To conduct scientific experiments

Who was known for hosting one of the most influential salons in France?

• Denis Diderot

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Maria-Theresa Geofrin

What was the significance of Diderot's Encyclopedia?

• It was a collection of works from various authors

• It was the first novel written in France

• It was a guide to Enlightenment music

• It was a political manifesto

Which of the following composers was NOT mentioned as popular during the Enlightenment?

• Bach

• Beethoven

• Mozart

• Hayden

What term describes rulers who adopted Enlightenment ideas?

• Enlightened despots

• Enlightened monarchs

• Philosopher kings

• Renaissance rulers

Which Enlightenment ideal did Frederick the Great NOT embrace?

• Improving education

• Reducing censorship

• Religious freedom

• Abolishing serfdom

What reform is Joseph II known for during the Enlightenment?

• Creating a new language

• Building a new capital city

• Establishing a new religion

• Abolition of serfdom

Which ruler sought advice from Enlightenment thinkers and reformed the justice system in Russia?

• Peter the Great

• Ivan the Terrible

• Catherine the Great

• Nicholas II

What area did Russia expand into during Catherine the Great's reign?

• The Mediterranean

• The Black Sea

• The Baltic Sea

• The Caspian Sea

Which country was frequently divided between Russia, Austria, and Prussia?

• Hungary

• Poland

• Romania

• Czechoslovakia