Bonding Basics: Covalent and Ionic Interactions in Chemistry

Audrey Poulton introduces grade 9 students to bonding in physical science, focusing on covalent and ionic bonding. Covalent bonding involves electron sharing between non-metals, while ionic bonding involves electron transfer between metals and non-metals, forming cations and anions. The lesson covers examples like hydrogen, oxygen, and sodium chloride, explaining the electrostatic forces and crystal lattice structures in ionic compounds.

What is the main difference between covalent and ionic bonding?

• Covalent bonding occurs between metals, while ionic bonding occurs between non-metals.

• Covalent bonding involves the transfer of electrons, while ionic bonding involves sharing.

• Covalent bonding forms ions, while ionic bonding forms molecules.

• Covalent bonding involves sharing electrons, while ionic bonding involves transferring electrons.

Which type of elements typically engage in covalent bonding?

• Metals only

• Noble gases

• Non-metals only

• Metals and non-metals

In a hydrogen molecule, how do the atoms achieve stability?

• By sharing one electron each

• By losing electrons

• By gaining electrons

• By transferring electrons

What charge does a metal ion typically have after losing electrons?

• Negative

• Variable

• Neutral

• Positive

Which group of non-metals will form a 2- charge anion after receiving electrons?

• Group 5

• Group 8

• Group 6

• Group 7

What happens to sodium when it forms an ionic bond with chlorine?

• It gains two electrons and becomes positively charged.

• It shares an electron and becomes neutral.

• It loses an electron and becomes positively charged.

• It gains an electron and becomes negatively charged.

What is the term for the force that holds oppositely charged ions together in an ionic bond?

• Magnetic force

• Gravitational force

• Nuclear force

• Electrostatic force

What is the structure called that is formed by ionic compounds?

• Covalent network

• Molecular lattice

• Crystal lattice

• Metallic grid

In a crystal lattice, how are the ions arranged?

• In pairs

• Alternating positive and negative ions

• In layers

• Randomly

What determines the number of opposite charge ions surrounding each other in a lattice?

• The type of metal

• The color of the ions

• The temperature of the environment

• The size of the ions