The Evidence for Evolution

In 1831, Charles Darwin embarked on a transformative voyage to the Galapagos Islands, where he observed finches with varying beak shapes. These observations led to his theory of evolution by natural selection, suggesting that organisms better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. Over time, Darwin's hypothesis evolved into a scientific theory supported by fossil, embryological, anatomical, and genetic evidence. Fossils reveal evolutionary changes over time, while embryological studies show similarities among species. Anatomical evidence includes vestigial, homologous, and analogous structures, and genetic evidence highlights DNA as a link between species. This comprehensive evidence supports the theory of evolution and helps scientists trace evolutionary history.

What significant journey did Charles Darwin embark on in 1831, and how did it impact his life?

Describe how Darwin's observations of finches contributed to his theory of evolution.

What is natural selection, and how did Darwin define this process?

Explain the different types of evidence that support Darwin's theory of evolution.

How do homologous and analogous structures differ, and what do they indicate about evolutionary relationships?