How to Exploit Vulnerabilities

The video tutorial explains the process of scanning computers to gather information, identifying vulnerabilities in operating systems and services, and exploiting these vulnerabilities. It covers methods like reporting, scanning, and social engineering for information gathering. Once the operating system and its version are known, attackers search for known vulnerabilities and existing exploits. If no exploits are available, they may write their own.

What does an attacker do once they know the target's operating system and version?

What options does an attacker have if no exploits have been written for a vulnerability?