Anterior Shoulder Instability Tests | Apprehension, Relocation, & Surprise Tests

The video tutorial covers special tests for diagnosing anterior shoulder instability, focusing on the apprehension, relocation, and surprise tests. The apprehension test involves passive external rotation of the shoulder to detect apprehension or pain, indicating instability. The relocation test follows, applying a posterior force to the humeral head to reduce symptoms. The surprise test, rarely used due to risks, involves releasing the posterior force without warning. The video emphasizes the order of tests and their clinical significance, highlighting the apprehension and relocation tests' high specificity.

What are the sensitivity and specificity values of the apprehension test?

What is the significance of the surprise test in the context of shoulder instability?

Why is the surprise test rarely performed in clinical practice?