How Quantum Computers Break Encryption | Shor's Algorithm Explained

The video explains the challenges of encryption based on factoring large numbers and introduces Shor's algorithm, which uses quantum computing to potentially break such encryption. It delves into the mathematical and quantum principles behind the algorithm, highlighting the role of quantum superposition and Fourier transforms. Despite its potential, current quantum computers lack the capacity to threaten modern encryption, but future advancements could change this.

How does Shor's algorithm utilize the properties of numbers that do not share factors?

What is the relationship between the power P and the factors of N in Shor's algorithm?

Describe how the quantum Fourier transform contributes to finding the period in Shor's algorithm.

What are the current limitations of quantum implementations of Shor's algorithm?