3 Messages We've Sent to Extraterrestrials

In the 1970s, Frank Drake and Carl Sagan initiated projects to send messages into space, hoping to communicate with extraterrestrial life. They created plaques for the Pioneer 10 and 11 missions, which included scientific diagrams and a pulsar map. Later, the Voyager probes carried the Golden Records, featuring sounds and images from Earth. Additionally, the Arecibo message was sent via radio waves, encoded in binary. Despite the low chances of these messages being received, they represent humanity's attempt to reach out to the cosmos and reflect on our existence.

How did Sagan and Drake attempt to ensure that their messages would be understood by extraterrestrial civilizations?

Explain the method used to encode the message sent to the M13 globular cluster.

What challenges do scientists face in receiving a response to the messages sent into space?