Hypoglossal Nerve | Structure and Physiology

The video tutorial provides an in-depth look at the hypoglossal nerve, also known as cranial nerve 12. It explains its role as a motor nerve responsible for innervating tongue and some throat muscles. The anatomy of the nerve, including its upper and lower motor neuron components, is discussed, along with its pathway through the hypoglossal canal. The tutorial also covers the implications of lesions on the nerve, detailing how they can cause tongue deviation and how to differentiate between upper and lower motor neuron lesions.

What is the primary function of the hypoglossal nerve?

Describe the anatomical significance of the term 'glossus' in relation to the hypoglossal nerve.

Identify the muscles innervated by the hypoglossal nerve.

What anatomical structures are in close proximity to the hypoglossal nerve as it descends?

Explain the difference between upper motor neuron lesions and lower motor neuron lesions in the context of the hypoglossal nerve.

What happens to the tongue's position when there is a lower motor neuron lesion of the hypoglossal nerve?

How can one differentiate between upper and lower motor neuron lesions based on tongue deviation?