Creatine Physiology, Biosynthesis, and Organic Mechanism (Part 1) Gly Amidinotransferase; GANMT

The video explores arginine metabolism, focusing on creatine biosynthesis. It covers the mechanisms of glycine aminotransferase and guanidinium acetate methyl transferase, highlighting their roles in creatine synthesis. The video also discusses the regulation and deficiency of these enzymes, emphasizing the physiological implications and potential health issues. Creatine's role in energy metabolism and its supplementation benefits are also addressed.

What is the primary role of creatine in muscle and brain cells?

• To store high energy gamma phosphate of ATP

• To synthesize glucose

• To inhibit enzyme activity

• To break down proteins

Which functional group is transferred by glycine aminotransferase during creatine biosynthesis?

• Amidine group

• Carboxyl group

• Phosphate group

• Hydroxyl group

What is a potential health issue associated with a deficiency of glycine aminotransferase?

• Enhanced metabolism

• Neurological degeneration

• Improved memory

• Increased muscle mass

Which hormone is known to upregulate glycine aminotransferase?

• Cortisol

• Estradiol

• Insulin

• Growth hormone

What is the role of ornithine in the regulation of glycine aminotransferase?

• It feedback inhibits the enzyme

• It acts as a coenzyme

• It is a substrate for the enzyme

• It enhances enzyme activity

What type of reaction is catalyzed by guanidinium acetate methyltransferase?

• Oxidation

• Hydrolysis

• Condensation

• SN2 substitution

What is the final product of the reaction catalyzed by guanidinium acetate methyltransferase?

• Lysine

• Ornithine

• Creatine

• Glycine

Which molecule is known as the universal methyl group donor in creatine biosynthesis?

• Coenzyme A

• Adenosine triphosphate

• S-adenosyl methionine

• Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

What is a known benefit of creatine supplementation?

• Decreased protein synthesis

• Reduced muscle mass

• Enhanced energy metabolism

• Increased fat storage

How does creatine supplementation affect the synthesis of glycine aminotransferase?

• It has no effect

• It changes enzyme structure

• It increases enzyme synthesis

• It represses enzyme synthesis