Los mecanismos de la evolución

The video explains how genetic variation leads to evolution, primarily through mutations. Mutations are random changes in DNA that can be passed to offspring if they occur in sex cells. Natural selection and genetic drift are two mechanisms that influence gene frequency. Natural selection enhances beneficial mutations, as seen in polar bears' evolution. Genetic drift, however, is random and can affect gene prevalence without impacting survival. Both processes contribute to the formation of new species over time.

What is the primary process that leads to the creation of new genes?

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

• Mutation

• Gene flow

How does natural selection influence the frequency of mutations?

• By causing random changes in gene frequency

• By randomly changing gene sequences

• By enhancing beneficial mutations and eliminating harmful ones

• By increasing genetic drift

What adaptation helped polar bears survive in their environment?

• Faster running speed

• Larger size

• White fur for camouflage

• Thicker fur

Which mechanism of evolution is driven by chance rather than fitness?

• Mutation

• Genetic drift

• Natural selection

• Gene flow

How can genetic drift affect a species over time?

• By enhancing beneficial traits

• By introducing new mutations

• By randomly altering gene frequencies

• By ensuring only the fittest survive