The Rise and Fall of Empress Matilda: A Tale of Power, Betrayal, and Defeat

In 1141, King Stephen was captured at the Battle of Lincoln, leading to Matilda's rise. She gained church support but faced opposition from London and Queen Matilda. Her haughty attitude led to a revolt, forcing her to flee. The siege of Winchester resulted in her defeat and the capture of her ally, Robert of Gloucester.

What was King Stephen's initial strategy to end the rebellion?

• To engage in a decisive battle

• To seek support from the Church

• To flee to France

• To negotiate peace with Matilda

How did Matilda secure the support of the Church?

• By negotiating with her cousin Henry

• By marrying a powerful noble

• By promising land to the bishops

• By threatening the clergy

What was the major obstacle Matilda faced in her transition to power?

• The loyalty of the nobles to Stephen

• Her cousin Henry's betrayal

• A lack of military support

• The Archbishop of Canterbury's opposition

Which city was crucial for Matilda's claim to the crown?

• Oxford

• Bristol

• Winchester

• London

What was a significant factor in Matilda's failure to secure London?

• The intervention of foreign powers

• Her lack of military strength

• Her haughty attitude

• The support of the Church for Stephen

Who was a key figure in the resistance against Matilda?

• The Earl of Warwick

• Queen Matilda

• The Bishop of Winchester

• The Earl of Surrey

What was Matilda's relationship with the Londoners during her bid for power?

• They were indifferent to her cause

• They were divided in their support

• They fully supported her

• They resisted her due to her demands

What was the outcome of the siege of Winchester for Matilda?

• She secured a peace treaty

• She gained new allies

• She was forced to retreat

• She captured the city

Who was captured during the retreat from Winchester?

• Queen Matilda

• Henry, the Bishop of Winchester

• Robert of Gloucester

• King Stephen

What was the significance of Robert of Gloucester's capture?

• It strengthened Matilda's position

• It was a major setback for Matilda

• It marked the end of the rebellion

• It led to a peace agreement