Crude Oil: Properties and Fractional Distillation

The video explains crude oil's origins as ancient biomass, its transformation into hydrocarbons, and its separation through fractional distillation. It details the uses of different fractions like refinery gases, gasoline, and bitumen. The properties of hydrocarbons, such as boiling point, volatility, and viscosity, are discussed in relation to molecular size. The video concludes with the importance of sustainable crude oil use and the need for alternative sources.

What is the primary origin of crude oil?

• Ancient biomass of plankton

• Volcanic activity

• Meteor impacts

• Ancient forests

What is the main purpose of fractional distillation in crude oil processing?

• To increase the viscosity of oil

• To separate crude oil into fractions with similar boiling points

• To convert oil into natural gas

• To remove impurities from oil

Which fraction of crude oil is commonly used as aircraft fuel?

• Gasoline

• Diesel

• Bitumen

• Kerosene

What is the primary use of bitumen obtained from crude oil?

• Solvent for cleaning

• Fuel for cars

• Lubricant for machinery

• Material for roofing and road construction

How does the boiling point of hydrocarbons change with molecular size?

• It remains constant regardless of size

• It fluctuates randomly

• It decreases with larger molecules

• It increases with larger molecules

Which property of hydrocarbons decreases as the molecular size increases?

• Viscosity

• Volatility

• Boiling point

• Color intensity

Why is it important to find alternatives to crude oil?

• Crude oil is abundant and renewable

• Crude oil is a finite resource and will eventually run out

• Crude oil is not used in any significant applications

• Crude oil is too expensive to extract