Prions | Mechanisms and Theories of Alzheimers Disease (Amyloid & Tau)

The video explores Alzheimer's disease, focusing on two main hypotheses: the Tau hypothesis and the beta amyloid hypothesis. The Tau hypothesis involves the misfolding of Tau proteins leading to microtubule destabilization and neurofibrillary tangles. The beta amyloid hypothesis involves the formation of amyloid plaques from misfolded beta amyloid proteins, disrupting calcium homeostasis and inducing apoptosis. Both hypotheses contribute to neurodegeneration, with cross-talk between them. Treatments like acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are discussed, though no cure exists.

What are the two main hypotheses discussed for the development of Alzheimer's disease?

• Sigma and Omega

• Tau and Beta Amyloid

• Alpha and Beta

• Gamma and Delta

What is the primary role of Tau protein in a healthy cell?

• To destabilize microtubules

• To stabilize microtubules

• To increase inflammation

• To form amyloid plaques

What happens when Tau protein is hyperphosphorylated?

• It enhances cell division

• It decreases inflammation

• It stabilizes microtubules

• It forms neurofibrillary tangles

What is the result of neurofibrillary tangles forming inside cells?

• Increased cell growth

• Cell death

• Enhanced protein synthesis

• Improved memory

Which pathway leads to the formation of amyloid plaques?

• Amyloidogenic pathway

• Tau pathway

• Non-amyloidogenic pathway

• Cholinergic pathway

What is the role of amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease?

• It enhances neurotransmitter release

• It reduces inflammation

• It forms amyloid plaques

• It stabilizes microtubules

How do amyloid beta fibrils affect neurons?

• They reduce oxidative stress

• They enhance calcium homeostasis

• They disrupt calcium homeostasis

• They promote cell growth

What is the effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's treatment?

• They preserve acetylcholine levels

• They enhance amyloid plaque formation

• They decrease acetylcholine levels

• They increase acetylcholine degradation

Which neurons are most affected in Alzheimer's disease?

• Dopaminergic neurons

• Serotonergic neurons

• GABAergic neurons

• Acetylcholinergic neurons

What is the current status of a cure for Alzheimer's disease?

• A cure is expected soon

• A cure is available

• A cure is in clinical trials

• There is no known cure