The Structure of Wood and Ring Anomalies

The video tutorial explores dendrochronology, focusing on the study of tree rings in gymnosperms and angiosperms. It explains the formation of tree rings, the structure of wood, and the significance of early and late wood. The tutorial also covers the arrangement of pores in angiosperms and the concept of reaction wood. Various ring anomalies, such as absent rings and false rings, are discussed, highlighting the complexities in studying tree rings.

What type of plants are primarily studied in dendrochronology?

• Tropical plants

• Gymnosperms and angiosperms

• Woody monocots

• Herbaceous plants

What is the main difference between early wood and late wood?

• Early wood is lighter and grows in spring

• Late wood is lighter and grows in spring

• Late wood is darker and grows in spring

• Early wood is darker and grows in fall

What is the term for the darker, dense inner part of the tree trunk?

• Sapwood

• Heartwood

• Bark

• Cambium

Which type of angiosperm has vessels distributed throughout the ring?

• Semi-ring porous

• Ring porous

• Non-porous

• Diffuse porous

How do gymnosperms and angiosperms differ in their production of reaction wood?

• Gymnosperms produce tension wood, angiosperms produce compression wood

• Gymnosperms produce compression wood, angiosperms produce tension wood

• Both produce tension wood

• Both produce compression wood

What can cause a tree to have absent rings?

• Uniform growth

• Stressful conditions

• Good growing conditions

• Excessive growth hormones

What are pith flecks and what causes them?

• Caused by frost, they appear as dark rings

• Caused by aphids, they look like bubbly wood

• Caused by fire, they appear as charcoal marks

• Caused by drought, they appear as narrow rings