This Tank of Water Could Change Physics Forever

The video explores the concept of proton decay, a phenomenon not yet observed but predicted by many physicists. The Standard Model of particle physics suggests protons are stable, but its complexity and limitations have led scientists to seek alternative theories, such as Grand Unified Theories (GUTs). These theories propose that at high energies, the fundamental forces unify, and protons may decay into lighter particles. Experiments, like those involving large water tanks, aim to detect such decays, which could provide insights into the universe's fundamental nature.

What is the main mystery surrounding protons that scientists are trying to solve?

• Why protons are negatively charged

• Why protons are found in water

• Why protons are stable and do not decay

• Why protons are heavier than electrons

According to the Standard Model, why can't protons decay?

• Because they are made of electrons

• Because they are made of quarks that cannot transform into lighter particles

• Because they are not affected by gravity

• Because they are too large

What is one of the main criticisms of the Standard Model?

• It is too simple and lacks detail

• It does not include the concept of time

• It predicts the existence of only one force

• It separates quarks and leptons despite their similarities

What are Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) attempting to achieve?

• Unify gravity with the other forces

• Prove that protons are indestructible

• Explain the existence of dark matter

• Combine the three forces of the Standard Model into one super force

Why are GUTs difficult to test against each other?

• They require extremely high temperatures to be tested

• They are all identical in predictions

• They are not based on scientific principles

• They do not make any predictions

What would observing a proton decay help scientists determine?

• The mass of a neutron

• The speed of light

• Which Grand Unified Theory might be correct

• The exact age of the universe

What is the implication if protons do not decay as predicted?

• The Standard Model is completely accurate

• Protons are not made of quarks

• There is a missing piece in our understanding of the universe

• Protons are the heaviest particles