Space Facts - The First Satellite

The transcript discusses the launch of Sputnik by the Soviet Union in 1957, which marked the beginning of the space race and had significant political and psychological impacts globally. It led to the transformation of NACA into NASA under President Eisenhower's directive, aiming to establish a separate space agency. The transcript also covers the initiation of Project Mercury, the first U.S. manned spaceflight program, and the selection of military test pilots as astronauts, highlighting their rigorous training and the public's fascination with their space adventures.

What was the primary concern of the US Air Force regarding space exploration before the launch of Sputnik?

• They saw it as a civilian endeavor.

• They did not view it as a military competition.

• They believed it was too costly.

• They thought it was technologically impossible.

What significant event prompted President Eisenhower to establish NASA?

• The first manned spaceflight

• The launch of Sputnik I

• The end of World War II

• The launch of Explorer I

What was the first American satellite to orbit the Earth?

• Explorer I

• Voyager I

• Sputnik I

• Apollo 11

What was the primary criterion for selecting the first group of astronauts for Project Mercury?

• Experience in space missions

• Military jet test pilot background

• Academic achievements in science

• Public popularity

How many military jet test pilots were initially selected by NASA for astronaut testing?

• 7

• 32

• 115

• 50

Who was NOT one of the original 'Magnificent Seven' astronauts?

• Walter M. Schirra

• Alan B. Shepard

• Neil Armstrong

• John H. Glenn, Jr.

What was the public's reaction to the introduction of the 'Magnificent Seven' astronauts?

• Fear and anxiety

• Imagination and inspiration

• Skepticism

• Indifference