TED-Ed: How to detect a supernova - Samantha Kuula

The video explains the occurrence and observation challenges of supernovae, highlighting that while supernovae happen frequently in the universe, observing them from Earth is difficult due to the need for precise timing and location. Neutrinos, which travel faster than light in a supernova context, can provide early warnings of these cosmic events. The video details the two types of supernovae, Type 1 and Type 2, and their energy and matter outputs, including the formation of heavy elements. The Supernova Early Warning System (SNEWS) uses neutrino detection to alert astronomers to imminent supernovae, allowing for timely observation.

What is the main reason we have not observed a supernova from its initial moments?

• We lack the technology to detect them.

• There are too many stars and precise timing is needed.

• The stars are too far away.

• Supernovae are too rare to observe.

In a Type 1 supernova, what causes the star to explode?

• The star runs out of nuclear fuel.

• A neighboring star accumulates too much matter.

• The star's core collapses under its own weight.

• The star is hit by a large asteroid.

What percentage of energy in a Type 2 supernova is emitted as neutrinos?

• 99%

• 50%

• 10%

• 1%

What is the purpose of the Supernova Early Warning System (SNEWS)?

• To prevent supernovae from occurring.

• To measure the brightness of supernovae.

• To predict the exact location of a supernova.

• To detect neutrinos and alert astronomers of an imminent supernova.

When did the last supernova that sent detectable neutrinos to Earth occur?

• In 2017

• In 2007

• In 1997

• In 1987