Individualistic and Situational Psychology

The transcript discusses the differences between psychology and social psychology, focusing on the Stanford Prison Experiment led by Philip Zimbardo. The experiment aimed to observe the behavior of college students assigned roles as guards and prisoners in a mock prison. The study revealed rapid and extreme behavioral changes, leading to its early termination. Zimbardo's findings emphasized the influence of situational factors over individual traits, which he further explored in his book, The Lucifer Effect. The transcript also connects these ideas to the abuses at Abu Ghraib, highlighting systemic issues over individual culpability.

What is the primary focus of social psychologists when analyzing human behavior?

• Situational influences

• Biological factors

• Cultural background

• Personality traits

What was the main objective of the Stanford Prison Experiment?

• To observe the behavior of college students in a mock prison setting

• To evaluate the psychological impact of solitary confinement

• To study the effects of prison life on guards

• To test the effectiveness of prison rehabilitation programs

How did the behavior of the guards change during the Stanford Prison Experiment?

• They became more lenient and empathetic

• They maintained a neutral stance

• They became more dominant and abusive

• They refused to participate further

What concept does 'The Lucifer Effect' explore in relation to the Stanford Prison Experiment?

• The influence of situational factors on behavior

• The inherent evil in individuals

• The impact of education on moral development

• The role of genetics in criminal behavior

According to Zimbardo, what is a significant factor in the brutality observed in institutions like Abu Ghraib Prison?

• Cultural differences

• Lack of proper training

• Systemic and situational factors

• Individual personality traits