Naturalistic Observation in Psychology

The video tutorial explains naturalistic observation, a method where researchers watch and record behavior in real-life settings without manipulation. It contrasts this with field experiments, where variables are manipulated. The tutorial outlines different types of naturalistic observation, such as participant and non-participant, overt and covert, structured and unstructured. It highlights the benefits, including studying unmanipulable phenomena and testing external validity, while also addressing challenges like observer bias and demand characteristics. Despite its limitations, naturalistic observation provides valuable insights into real-world behavior.

What is the main difference between participant and non-participant observation?

• Participant observation involves direct interaction with subjects.

• Non-participant observation is always structured.

• Non-participant observation requires manipulation of variables.

• Participant observation is always covert.

Which of the following is NOT an example of naturalistic observation?

• Rosenhan's study in psychiatric hospitals

• Hartup's study of childhood aggression

• A laboratory experiment on memory recall

• LaFrance and Mayo's gaze direction study

Why might psychologists choose naturalistic observation over laboratory experiments?

• To reduce the time and cost of research

• To manipulate variables more effectively

• To study behaviors that cannot be replicated in a lab

• To ensure complete control over the environment

What is a major limitation of naturalistic observation?

• It allows for too much control over variables.

• It is always covert, leading to ethical concerns.

• It may suffer from observer bias.

• It guarantees high reliability.

Which of the following is a challenge faced in naturalistic observation?

• Maintaining relationships with subjects

• Ensuring all observations are structured

• Guaranteeing observer bias

• Manipulating the environment