Temperature

Mr. Andersen explains temperature as the average kinetic energy of molecules, using experiments with water and food coloring to demonstrate molecular motion. He discusses the Kelvin scale, absolute zero, and the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, highlighting how temperature affects molecular speed and energy distribution.

What is the relationship between temperature and molecular motion?

• Temperature is unrelated to molecular motion.

• Temperature is the total energy of all molecules.

• Temperature decreases as molecular motion increases.

• Temperature is the average kinetic energy of molecules.

In the experiment with water and food coloring, what was observed at higher temperatures?

• The food coloring did not spread at all.

• The food coloring spread more quickly.

• The food coloring sank to the bottom.

• The food coloring spread at the same rate as in cold water.

What is Brownian motion?

• The predictable path of particles in a gas.

• The uniform movement of particles in a solid.

• The random movement of particles in a fluid.

• The stationary state of particles at absolute zero.

How does the Kelvin scale differ from the Celsius scale?

• Kelvin scale starts at absolute zero, while Celsius starts at freezing point.

• Kelvin scale measures energy, while Celsius measures temperature.

• Kelvin scale is more accurate than Celsius.

• Kelvin scale is used only in physics, while Celsius is used in chemistry.

What does the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution describe?

• The distribution of molecular speeds at a given temperature.

• The distribution of molecular colors in a solution.

• The distribution of molecular sizes in a substance.

• The distribution of molecular weights in a mixture.