VOICED: India's perfume capital threatened by scent of modernity

In Northern India, farmers harvest fragrant plants for local distilleries producing natural oil-based perfumes called attars. These perfumes are made using a traditional steam distillation process, which is becoming rare as many distilleries switch to cheaper chemical alternatives. Despite the decline, attars remain popular in certain cultural and religious contexts, particularly in Muslim communities where alcohol-based perfumes are forbidden. The market for attars is shrinking, but producers are exploring new uses like aromatherapy to revive interest.

What makes the roses of Kiunguja particularly popular for perfume making?

• The perfect soil and weather conditions

• Their unique color

• Their resistance to pests

• Their rapid growth rate

What is the base ingredient used in the traditional steam distillation process for making Otters?

• Olive oil

• Lavender oil

• Coconut oil

• Sandalwood oil

Why have many perfumers switched to chemical alternatives?

• To comply with new regulations

• To increase production speed

• To improve the scent quality

• To reduce production costs

Why are Otters particularly popular in Delhi's Muslim quarters?

• They are produced locally

• They are alcohol-free, aligning with Islamic practices

• They are cheaper than international fragrances

• They are made with rare ingredients

What new use are producers promoting for Otters to revive business?

• As a cooking ingredient

• As a cleaning agent

• For aromatherapy

• For medicinal purposes