Balance Theory (Cognitive Balance)

Heider's Balance Theory, proposed in 1946, explains how we cognitively process relationships. It uses examples like 'my friend's friend is my friend' to illustrate how we perceive relational status. The theory is depicted using a pyramid, showing how positive and negative relationships interact to achieve balance. If imbalance occurs, an attitude change restores equilibrium. This theory is applied in organizational behavior to understand interpersonal dynamics.

Who proposed the Balance Theory and in which year?

• Heider in 1946

• Maslow in 1954

• Freud in 1920

• Jung in 1935

Which of the following statements is an example of Balance Theory?

• My friend's friend is my enemy.

• My enemy's friend is my friend.

• My enemy's enemy is my friend.

• My friend's enemy is my friend.

What happens when two positive relationships overcome a negative one?

• The negative relationship strengthens.

• The relationship becomes unbalanced.

• An attitude change occurs.

• Balance is achieved.

What is the result when two negative relationships overcome a positive one?

• The positive relationship strengthens.

• An attitude change occurs to restore balance.

• The negative relationships weaken.

• Balance is maintained.

How is Balance Theory used in organizational behavior?

• To develop marketing strategies.

• To predict financial outcomes.

• To design organizational structures.

• To understand cognitive perceptions and behaviors.