CLEAN : Academic discusses how the Gulf crisis was fueled by disinformation

The video discusses how historical crises often have orchestrated pretexts, with examples like the Iraq war and Vietnam. It highlights the Gulf crisis as a significant event where digital media played a crucial role in spreading disinformation. The resurgence of online disinformation is noted, with concerns about its increasing sophistication. The video also examines the impact of disinformation on both domestic and international levels, particularly in the context of the Qatar blockade. Finally, it addresses the unique challenges of social media in the Middle East, emphasizing the scale and toxicity of disinformation in the Arabic social media sphere.

What was a significant change in the way the Gulf crisis was orchestrated compared to previous crises?

• It was based on economic sanctions.

• It involved direct military intervention.

• It was launched through new digital media.

• It relied solely on diplomatic negotiations.

What is a new phase in disinformation campaigns observed in recent years?

• More difficult to trace disinformation campaigns.

• Increased use of traditional media.

• Focus on economic propaganda.

• Reduction in social media activity.

How did disinformation campaigns affect domestic audiences in the context of the Qatar blockade?

• They convinced the domestic audience of the blockade's necessity.

• They were only targeted at international audiences.

• They were largely ignored by the public.

• They led to immediate policy changes.

What is a key difference in how disinformation is treated in the Middle East compared to Western countries?

• There is more government intervention in the Middle East.

• The scale of disinformation is much larger.

• The tactics used are completely different.

• Western countries have no disinformation issues.

What characterizes the Arabic social media sphere according to the transcript?

• It is free from any disinformation.

• It is highly regulated and controlled.

• It is largely toxic and dominated by disinformation.

• It is primarily used for educational purposes.