NASA | Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes Create Antimatter

NASA's Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope has observed that thunderstorms can create antimatter. This process begins with a terrestrial gamma ray flash (TGF), where electrons in a thunderstorm's electric field accelerate and emit gamma rays. Occasionally, these gamma rays transform into a pair of particles: an electron and its antimatter counterpart, a positron. These particles travel along Earth's magnetic field lines, allowing Fermi to detect them. Fermi has observed this phenomenon multiple times, highlighting the fascinating link between thunderstorms and antimatter creation.

What is the role of NASA's Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope in the study of thunderstorms?

• It predicts the occurrence of thunderstorms.

• It observes gamma ray flashes from thunderstorms.

• It prevents thunderstorms from forming.

• It measures the temperature of thunderstorms.

How do electrons behave in a thunderstorm's intense electrical field?

• They accelerate upwards at high speeds.

• They remain stationary.

• They move in random directions.

• They slow down and lose energy.

What happens when ultrafast electrons encounter an atom?

• They emit visible light.

• They produce sound waves.

• They emit gamma rays.

• They create a magnetic field.

What is a positron?

• An electron's antimatter counterpart.

• A type of magnetic field.

• A form of normal matter.

• A type of gamma ray.

How does the Fermi spacecraft detect gamma rays from TGFs?

• By detecting particles spiraling along Earth's magnetic field.

• By observing light flashes.

• By measuring temperature changes.

• By recording sound waves.