VOICED : Syrian Kurds refine oil for themselves for first time

In the Kurdish region near the Turkish border, local authorities have taken over oil production due to the absence of government forces. They operate small refineries to meet energy needs, despite the poor quality of fuel produced. The ongoing conflict has drastically reduced Syria's oil output, with the Kurdish government defending the wells against threats from the Islamic State. The region faces a complex fuel market with options from the regime, Iraq, and local sources. The Kurdish minority cooperates with Damascus to maintain some control over oil resources.

What action did local authorities take after government forces fled the Kurdish area?

• They abandoned the oil fields.

• They started importing oil from neighboring countries.

• They sold the oil fields to private companies.

• They took over oil production and created small refineries.

What has been the impact of the conflict on Syria's oil production?

• It has doubled since the war began.

• It has increased significantly.

• It has remained stable.

• It has dropped to less than 3% of pre-war levels.

How has the local Kurdish government responded to threats from Islamic State fighters?

• They have abandoned the oil wells.

• They have relocated the oil wells.

• They have negotiated with the fighters.

• They have defended and protected the wells.

What is a major issue with the fuel produced in makeshift refineries?

• It is only suitable for industrial use.

• It is of poor quality.

• It is too expensive for locals.

• It is not available in the market.

What is the nature of the relationship between the Kurdish minority and Damascus regarding oil control?

• They are in constant conflict over oil control.

• The Kurds have full control over oil without any cooperation.

• They have no relationship regarding oil.

• They cooperate, with Kurds retaining some control over oil.