Ecology Review: Food Chains & Webs, Relationships, Nitrogen & Carbon Cycles, Effects on Biodiversity

What role do termites play in ecosystems?

• They are apex predators.

• They are primary producers.

• They break down dead plant matter.

• They are harmful to all ecosystems.

In a food chain, what is the primary role of producers?

• To consume other organisms.

• To be at the top of the food chain.

• To decompose organic matter.

• To make their own food.

What is the 10% rule in an energy pyramid?

• 10% of energy is gained at each level.

• 10% of energy is transferred to the next level.

• 10% of energy is lost at each level.

• 10% of organisms survive at each level.

How does a decrease in bird population affect a food web?

• Decreases grasshopper population.

• Increases plant population.

• Increases snake population.

• Decreases rabbit population.

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

• They produce energy.

• They are primary consumers.

• They consume apex predators.

• They break down organic matter.

Which of the following is an example of mutualism?

• A flea on a rabbit.

• A barnacle on a whale.

• A lion hunting a zebra.

• A bat in a pitcher plant.

What process converts atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants?

• Nitrification

• Nitrogen fixation

• Denitrification

• Ammonification

What is a major consequence of burning fossil fuels?

• Increased biodiversity

• Decreased ocean temperatures

• Increased carbon dioxide levels

• Decreased greenhouse gases

How can invasive species affect biodiversity?

• They have no impact on ecosystems.

• They always improve ecosystem health.

• They increase native species populations.

• They can outcompete native species.

What is a potential effect of overfishing on an ecosystem?

• Decrease in primary consumer populations.

• Increase in producer populations.

• Increase in secondary consumer populations.

• Decrease in apex predator populations.