9.1 Tests of Significance

What is the purpose of a significance test in hypothesis testing?

• To prove a hypothesis is true

• To compare observed data with a claim

• To determine the sample size needed

• To calculate the mean of a population

In the student loan debt example, what is the null hypothesis?

• The average debt is more than $26,000

• The average debt is exactly $30,000

• The average debt is less than $26,000

• The average debt is equal to $26,000

What does a small p-value indicate in hypothesis testing?

• The sample size is too small

• There is strong evidence against the null hypothesis

• The results are likely due to chance

• The null hypothesis is likely true

In the golf club example, what was Mike hoping to achieve with the new club?

• Increase the average distance

• Reduce the variability of his shots

• Improve the accuracy of his shots

• Increase the number of shots

In Zenon's potato chip test, what conclusion is made if the p-value is less than the significance level?

• Students prefer the name-brand chips

• The test was inconclusive

• Students prefer the generic chips

• There is no preference for either chip